The Know Your Vote T.O. “Big Issues” primers are meant to be starting points for
readers to continue their own learning and investigating.
Note: The information sources documented and linked in the content below are from
the City of Toronto website and well-known media and learning resources.
What do cities have to do with climate change and climate action?
Cities are major contributors to climate change (Go
to information source).
2019-20 greenhouse gas emission sources in Toronto:
- Buildings - 61%
- Transportation - 30%
- Waste - 5%
- Industry - 4%
(Go
to information source - PDF - page 21)
City councils have many different and creative options for tackling climate change.
Here are a few non-prescriptive examples from other cities around the world:
- Brussels has created (and expanded) a low-emission zone in its city centre where
high-emission vehicles are charged a fine upon entry (Go
to information source).
- San Francisco has set the goal of being a zero waste city and currently diverts
about 80% of its waste away from landfills (Go
to information source).
- Bogotá closes about 120 km of its roads to traffic every Sunday and opens them
to pedestrians (Go
to information source).
- Melbourne provides support for building owners to retrofit buildings to be more
energy and water efficient, and to reduce waste (Go
to information source).
The next City of Toronto Council will have many opportunities to create policies and
programs that can have a positive impact on climate change and build off of the work
the City is already doing.
Current Actions and Ambitions
Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Notwithstanding a decrease in emissions due to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic,
GHG emissions in Toronto have risen about 2% since 2015 (Go
to information source). In response, The City of Toronto has developed the
TransformTO Net Zero Strategy (Go
to information source) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from 1990 levels
to net zero by 2040.
This is an acceleration of the original net-zero target of 2050 (Go
to information source).
The City's new reduction targets are:
- 30% by 2020
- 45% by 2025
- 65% by 2030
- Net zero by 2040
Carbon Accountability
The City established a Carbon Accountability Tool to track progress on the Toronto
Carbon Budget (Go
to information source - PDF). The accountability tool sets key performance
metrics to manage corporate and community greenhouse gas emissions within the limits
of the City’s 2025, 2030, and 2040 emissions reduction targets. (Go
to information source).
Reduce Use of Natural Gas
The City is focusing on transitioning from internal combustion to electric vehicles
including buses and vehicles from the City-owned fleet (Go
to information source - PDF).
The City plans to phase out natural gas use by installing electric appliances, and
replacing conventional heating systems with electric heat pumps. (Go
to information source - PDF).
Increase Access to Low-Carbon Transportation Options
The City plans to expand the number of pedestrian and biking routes, as well as
increase bicycle parking and bicycle share sites near TTC stations. Other proposals
include allowing cargo e-bikes on roads and in bike lanes, improving management of
traffic congestion, continued investment in expanding public transit, and green
street programs.
(Go
to general information source)
Establish Performance Targets for New Construction and Existing Buildings
Across the City
(Go
to general information source - PDF)
Buildings are Toronto's largest carbon emitter. To reduce their impact Toronto plans
to:
- Eliminate emissions for new constructions by 2030
- Expand and enhance retrofit financing for current existing buildings, including
rebates
- Advocate and partner with other orders of government including the Government of
Ontario
- Retrofit buildings to be more resilient to the extreme weather conditions caused
by the climate crisis, including increased heat and flooding (Go
to general information source).
Ensure More Reliable Electrical Distribution
The City plans to provide consistent and reliable access to uninterrupted electric
service, which will support electrical based transportation, heating, as well as the
possibility of local renewable electrical energy generation (Go
to information source - PDF - page 62).
Manage Natural Systems
Greenspaces in Toronto, which include trees in parks, ravines and on public streets,
contribute to climate resilience, provide natural carbon removal, and help create a
liveable and healthy city (Go
to information source - PDF). Trees and other green infrastructure also help
manage extreme heat, rain and flooding.
The City plans to:
- Increase tree canopy cover, biodiversity, and enhance greenspaces; The City has
a target of increasing citywide tree canopy coverage to 40% by 2050 (Go
to information source).
- Achieve equitable distribution of the urban forest, increasing tree canopy and
naturalized green space where it is most needed.
- Expand and improve the park system.
- Improve the ecological health of ravines.
(Go
to general information source - PDF - page 78)