Climate Action

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Background Info

The Know Your Vote T.O. “Big Issues” primers are meant to be starting points for readers to continue their own learning and investigating.

Note: The information sources documented and linked in the content below are from the City of Toronto website and well-known media and learning resources.

What do cities have to do with climate change and climate action?

Cities are major contributors to climate change (Go to information source).

2019-20 greenhouse gas emission sources in Toronto:

  1. Buildings - 61%
  2. Transportation - 30%
  3. Waste - 5%
  4. Industry - 4%

(Go to information source - PDF - page 21)

City councils have many different and creative options for tackling climate change. Here are a few non-prescriptive examples from other cities around the world:

  • Brussels has created (and expanded) a low-emission zone in its city centre where high-emission vehicles are charged a fine upon entry (Go to information source).
  • San Francisco has set the goal of being a zero waste city and currently diverts about 80% of its waste away from landfills (Go to information source).
  • Bogotá closes about 120 km of its roads to traffic every Sunday and opens them to pedestrians (Go to information source).
  • Melbourne provides support for building owners to retrofit buildings to be more energy and water efficient, and to reduce waste (Go to information source).

The next City of Toronto Council will have many opportunities to create policies and programs that can have a positive impact on climate change and build off of the work the City is already doing.

Current Actions and Ambitions

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Notwithstanding a decrease in emissions due to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, GHG emissions in Toronto have risen about 2% since 2015 (Go to information source). In response, The City of Toronto has developed the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy (Go to information source) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from 1990 levels to net zero by 2040.

This is an acceleration of the original net-zero target of 2050 (Go to information source).

The City's new reduction targets are:

  • 30% by 2020
  • 45% by 2025
  • 65% by 2030
  • Net zero by 2040

Carbon Accountability

The City established a Carbon Accountability Tool to track progress on the Toronto Carbon Budget (Go to information source - PDF). The accountability tool sets key performance metrics to manage corporate and community greenhouse gas emissions within the limits of the City’s 2025, 2030, and 2040 emissions reduction targets. (Go to information source).

Reduce Use of Natural Gas

The City is focusing on transitioning from internal combustion to electric vehicles including buses and vehicles from the City-owned fleet (Go to information source - PDF). The City plans to phase out natural gas use by installing electric appliances, and replacing conventional heating systems with electric heat pumps. (Go to information source - PDF).

Increase Access to Low-Carbon Transportation Options

The City plans to expand the number of pedestrian and biking routes, as well as increase bicycle parking and bicycle share sites near TTC stations. Other proposals include allowing cargo e-bikes on roads and in bike lanes, improving management of traffic congestion, continued investment in expanding public transit, and green street programs.

(Go to general information source)

Establish Performance Targets for New Construction and Existing Buildings Across the City

(Go to general information source - PDF)

Buildings are Toronto's largest carbon emitter. To reduce their impact Toronto plans to:

  • Eliminate emissions for new constructions by 2030
  • Expand and enhance retrofit financing for current existing buildings, including rebates
  • Advocate and partner with other orders of government including the Government of Ontario
  • Retrofit buildings to be more resilient to the extreme weather conditions caused by the climate crisis, including increased heat and flooding (Go to general information source).

Ensure More Reliable Electrical Distribution

The City plans to provide consistent and reliable access to uninterrupted electric service, which will support electrical based transportation, heating, as well as the possibility of local renewable electrical energy generation (Go to information source - PDF - page 62).

Manage Natural Systems

Greenspaces in Toronto, which include trees in parks, ravines and on public streets, contribute to climate resilience, provide natural carbon removal, and help create a liveable and healthy city (Go to information source - PDF). Trees and other green infrastructure also help manage extreme heat, rain and flooding.

The City plans to:

  • Increase tree canopy cover, biodiversity, and enhance greenspaces; The City has a target of increasing citywide tree canopy coverage to 40% by 2050 (Go to information source).
  • Achieve equitable distribution of the urban forest, increasing tree canopy and naturalized green space where it is most needed.
  • Expand and improve the park system.
  • Improve the ecological health of ravines.

(Go to general information source - PDF - page 78)

Answers by Candidates for Mayor

Find Your Ward

Mayoral

See all mayoral candidates.

What should the next Mayor do to mitigate the effects of climate change and reduce its progression? How?

DA

Darren Atkinson

Manufacturers of particular products - bottled water, condiments and many other processed foods have switched from glass to plastic over the last 30 years and are handing us a huge carbon footprint. Not only is plastic the problem but also the time and energy (i.e. hot water) or further pollutants used to clean it (soaps & solvents). I will challenge source producers that package in plastic to switch back to glass or other recyclables or pay a municipal carbon tax collected by retailers and we can all participate in the solution financially.

CB

Chloe-Marie Brown

1.Biophilic and regenerative design will integrate urban agriculture inside a building to maximise growing density, or outside a building to use the microclimate created by architecture and design. 2. Local agriculture projects will help to create access to fresh ingredients and a partnership with local grocers and food advocates to lower the price for fresh produce without increasing costs. 3. Reduce short-distance car dependency by growing 15-min communities and active transport networks

DB

Drew Buckingham

The next Mayor should do everything in their power to reduce the effects of climate change and mitigate its progression. We're at a crucial juncture in terms of the heating of the planet and it's clear that irreversible damage has already been caused. We may have already passed a point of no return regarding certain inevitabilities. But this campaign is about stamping out child poverty and hunger now! The tragic part of all of this is that it is possible! We may never solve the climate crisis. But feeding kids is something we could solve.

SC

Sarah Climenhaga

We need to listen to experts proposing targeted actions to improve quality of life for residents now even as they protect our environment. If we succeed locally, we will be a model for cities around the world to follow. Increasing the amount of plants and trees everywhere in our city has the potential to keep us cooler, improve air quality, make space for urban wildlife and pollinators, reduce flooding, filter water and provide local food. We must also protect our waterfront so that extreme weather doesn't threaten buildings on our shores.

PD

Phillip D'Cruze

Climate change is out of our hands. The nature of things. But what we can do is reduce gas emissions by eventually converting gas to electric as well as reducing diesel. This includes cars, increased bike paths to motivate people to more healthier way of life which would reduce toxins and cleaner air. All buses, trucks, vans should be electric. Install solar panels in factories, businesses, homes to reduce toxins to reduce gas emissions.

CD

Cory Deville

The Next Mayor of Toronto should pursue the mitigation of climate change & its progression through sustainability in practice & policy. It's dangerously idealistic to presume we can reverse climate change in a short period of time, but it's reasonable to assume that we can build systems and best practices that require environmentally conscious behaviour that is measurably impactful. For example, this can occur through mandating all buildings use light bulbs or lighting systems that have a favourable energy output to environmental strain ratio.

IG

Isabella Gamk

As Mayor I would encourage recycling and look into creating more recycling centers and processing plants.

RH

Robert Hatton

When I worked at the City, I was responsible for introducing new funding to retrofit City buildings; for the City’s investment in deep lake water cooling (Enwave); and for issuing the City’s first green bond. I made things happen. Now the City needs to set rules for electric vehicles, use its licensing powers to phase out gas engine vehicles (ride sharing, taxis, etc), aggressively electrify the City’s fleets, support personal conservation measures, and advocate for new non-carbon electricity generation.

SH

Soaad Hossain

The next mayor should reduce pollution and improve recycling and waste management. To reduce pollution, the mayor can promote the use of public transit through improving transit service in the city, introduce more bike lanes, pedestrian spaces, and new types of transportation, address congestion in the city, and improve and introduce new green spaces. The next mayor can improve recycling and waste management by educating the population on reducing, reusing, recycling and waste, and optimizing the recycling and waste management process and bins.

KJ

Khadijah Jamal

Transit becoming a free ride, speed limit changes, one way streets reduced, bike lanes changed (and more). Basically there are so many overall issues that need to be addressed and corrected, that will eventually lead to the reduction of the overall consumption of fossil fuels.

TL

Tony Luk

For the mayor, climate change should always be on the agenda. We need to mitigate the effects of climate change and reduce greenhouse gases. My plan will be expand more public transit to reduce emission; encourage people to use electric cars. In addition, we need to provide much more support for a city climate action committee. “Grow trees” should be our slogan in order to reduce our carbon footprint. Encourage Torontonians to use energy-saving programs. There are hundreds of smaller energy-saving program that our citizen can participate in.

GP

Gil Penalosa

To address climate change, we need to change the way we travel. My FastLane transit plan will build 92km of electric vehicle bus-only lanes, and will provide Toronto with fast and reliable alternatives to car use. My TwoWheelTO Bike Network Plan will create 300km of protected bike lanes. Lowering speed limits to 30km/h on neighbourhood streets will help more people feel safe riding bikes. My 3-30-300 plan will increase tree canopy, which will help reduce air conditioning use, clean the air of pollutants, and reduce air temps by up to 5°C.

SP

Stephen Punwasi

Tackling climate change isn't a part of our platform — it IS our platform. Environmental sustainability was something we kept in mind, and studied for each issue. For example, our synchronized maintenance improves traffic flows. Already a win, but did you know idling a car for 3 minutes in traffic produces 690 grams of CO2? If we can shave that off of commute times for traffic during business hours for a year, it's like taking 293,000 cars off Toronto's road. That's a start.

JT

John Tory

I approved a strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Toronto to net zero by 2040. I have set targets along the way for a 45% reduction in GHG levels by 2025, and 65% reduction by 2030. Toronto is one of only three big cities in North America with the 2040 target. This ambitious Net Zero Strategy triggers new and accelerated actions to drive down community-wide emissions, particularly in the short-term, and establishes the trajectory needed to reach net zero by 2040.

RT

Reginald Tull

As Mayor of Toronto I will reduce climate change by improving public transportation in order to have less cars on the road. Ideally, electric cars are the best way to go but the reality is, not everyone can afford a Tesla. For the next 8-10 years my Plastic to Fuel Initiative will be the best thing for our environment and economy. I also plan to have a ferry service running from downtown Toronto to Burlington to cut down on the congestion on the Gardner Expressway. This will help mitigate the effects of climate change and reduce gridlock

JY

Jack Yan

As the Mayor of Toronto, I will introduce the Free Transit for All initiative, which will immediately slash the cost of monthly TTC passes by ~90% and aim to make TTC completely free for all Torontonians within three years. By improving the TTC's riding experience and eliminating the cost, Toronto can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles by providing commuters with an economically superior and more convenient alternative in the form of free public transportation.